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8 Lesson 8

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Lesson 8 The weather in early December was bleak and unpleasant. The electric inspector was castigated for having failed to check the wire as he was supposed to. castigate ['kæstigeit] vt. 惩罚,苛评,修订 We should overcome the worst that the tyrant’s enmity can do. tyrant ['tairənt] n. 暴君 enmity ['enmiti] n. 敌意,憎恨 In any case, parents should be impartial to their every child. impartial [im'pɑ:ʃəl] a. 公平的,不偏不倚的 The teacher asked me to give a lucid explanation of my being late for class. lucid ['lu:sid] a. 清澈的,透明的,透彻的 The old man is confused most of the time but he does have lucid moments. A square has four 90-degree angles made by its four perpendicular. square [skwɛə] a. 正方形,广场,平方,二次幂;丰富的,充足的;光明正大的 v. 挺,抬起;使一致 In retrospect, many good opportunities were neglected in my life. The politician showed a good sagacity avoiding the mistakes he’d made in the previous campaign. sagacity [sə'gæsiti] n. 睿智,聪敏 campaign [kæm'pein] n. 战役,运动,活动,竞选运动 vi. 参加活动,作战 Urbane speech is educated speech, as distinguished from the speech of the ignorant. urbane [ə:'bein] a. 彬彬有礼的 ignorant ['ignərənt] a. 无知识的,不知道的,幼稚的 After Redding about the lives of several great Americans, John became an ardent student of American history. redd [red] 整顿, 弄整洁 ardent ['ɑ:dnt] a. 热心的,激烈的,燃烧般的 I can’t bear his derogatory remarks about my brother’s character. derogatory [di'rɔgətəri] a. 贬损的 character ['kæriktə] n. U性格,品质;U特性,特征;C人物,角色 I won’t tell you what time to leave; you’re old enough to use your own discretion. discretion [dis'kreʃən] n. 慎重,斟酌;自由处理,自由决定 The house of the meetings will be fixed at the chairman’s discretion. The party got quite hilarious after they brought more wine. hilarious [hi'lɛəriəs] a. 喜不自禁的,欢闹的,愉快的 It is a paramount responsibility of every officer to take care of his men before caring for himself. paramount ['pærəmaunt] n. 首长,最高当局 a. 最重要的,最高的,至上的 Houses and trees seem to recede as we ride past in a train. recede [ri'si:d] vi. 向后退,退却,退,收回,降低,减弱 The whole city was rife with rumors of political corruption and bribery. rife [raif] a. 流行的,盛传的,非常多的 corruption [kə'rʌpʃən] n. 腐败,堕落,贪污 bribery ['braibəri] n. 贿赂行为,行贿,受贿 Both sides burst into spontaneous cheers at the magician’s skillful tricks. burst [bə:st] vi. 爆裂,炸破 vt. 使…破裂,使…炸破 n. 突然破裂,爆发 magician [mə'dʒiʃən] n. 魔术家,幻术家,术士 The air ten miles above the earth is very tenuous. tenuous ['tenjuəs] a. 稀薄的,微细的,纤细的,脆弱的 A baseball player usually reaches the acme of his skill before he is thirty. acme ['ækmi] n. 顶点,极点,极度,尖端 He spared no one’s feelings and expressed his views with great candor. candor ['kændə] n. 坦白,直率 The father finally dissuaded his son from leaving school. dissuade [di'sweid] vt. 劝阻 Her advice was quite gratuitous, I can think for myself. gratuitous [grə'tju:itəs] a. 免费的,无理由的 The house of representatives has the sole power to impeach an officer of the United States Government. representative [repri'zentətiv] n. 代表,众议员,典型 a. 描写的,表现的,代理的,代表性的,代议制的,典型的 impeach [im'pi:tʃ] vt. 存疑,归咎,怀疑,检举,弹劾 Her ostensible purpose was to borrow some sugar, but she really wanted to see her neighbor’s new furniture. ostensible [ɔs'tensəbl] a. 表面的,假装的 The poor painter sold his paintings for a paltry sum of money. paltry ['pɔ:ltri] a. 不足取的,琐碎的 The poor family lived in a sordid log cabin in the valley. sordid ['sɔ:did] a. 肮脏的,不干净的,卑鄙的,恶劣的,可怜的,暗淡的 log cabin valley ['væli] n. 山谷,溪谷,流域,凹地三 She makes it a rule to keep her room neat and tidy after coming back from school. One tall boy stood aloof from all the small children. aloof [ə'lu:f] a. 疏远的,冷淡的 ad. 远离,离开 Regular meals and exercise are of cardinal importance to our health. cardinal ['kɑ:dinəl] n. 枢机主教,鲜红色 a. 主要的,深红色的 There are many drab houses in the Smokey mining town. drab [dræb] n. 黄褐色；邋遢女人，娼妓 a. 单调的 Smokey ['sməuki] 护林熊(森林防火标志, 是一头穿着护林人员制服的漫画熊) mining ['mainiŋ] n. 采矿 The life of a person who never does anything is dull and drab. dull [dʌl] a. 钝的,无趣的,呆滞的,阴暗的 vt. 使迟钝,使阴暗,缓和 vi. 变迟钝,减少 The two families had been at feud with each other for three generations. feud [fju:d] n. 不和,封地,争执 vi. 长期不和,长期争斗 His insolent speech and behavior upset everyone in the room. insolent ['insələnt] n. 侮慢无乱的人 a. 粗野的,无礼的,侮慢的 The judge said that nothing could mitigate the cruelty with which the man had treated the child. mitigate ['mitigeit] vt. 镇静,缓和,减轻 cruelty ['kru:əlti] n. 残酷,野蛮,残酷的行为 A summary of the events leading up to this situation would be pertinent information. pertinent ['pə:tinənt] a. 相关的,有关的,中肯的,贴切的 His predecessor quit because he was not in the least interested in this kind of job. predecessor [predi'sesə] n. 前任,先辈,以前的东西 Let me apologize for my being tardy in answering your letter. tardy ['tɑ:di] a. 慢的,迟钝的,迟到的,勉强的,拖拉的,迟的 You’d think she would never climb again, after falling down the mountain, but it just whetted her appetite. whet [hwet] n. 磨,磨利之物,开胃物 vt. 磨,磨快,刺激,促进 appetite ['æpitait] n. 食欲,胃口;欲望,爱好 The man accused of stealing the money was acquitted for lack of witnesses. acquit [ə'kwit] vt. 宣判无罪;表现;完成,履行;清偿,解除 Be careful not to break the box of glass, that thin glass is hard but brittle. brittle ['britl] a. 易碎的,脆弱的,易坏的 The ugly frame detracts from the beauty of the famous picture. ugly ['ʌgli] a. 丑陋的,邪恶的,险恶的,不祥的 n. 丑陋的东西 detract [di'trækt] v. 减损,贬低,转移 To extirpate weeds is not only to destroy their visible parts but also to pull them out by the roots. extirpate ['ekstə:peit] vt. 消灭,根除,毁灭 weed [wi:d] n. 杂草,野草 vi. 除草 vt. 除…的草,剔除 The indulgent mother bought her children everything they wanted. indulgent [in'dʌldʒənt] a. 纵容的,任性的,放纵的 The indulgent teacher praised every poem we wrote. The mendacious beggar told a different tale of woe at every house. mendacious [men'deiʃəs] a. 虚假的,说谎的 beggar ['begə] n. 乞丐 vt. 使贫穷,使成乞丐 woe [wəu] n. 悲哀,悲痛,苦痛 For my own sake, I’ve told a plausible lie at the club meeting, but the members did not believe me at all. We have the sanction of the recreation department to play ball in this park. sanction ['sæŋkʃən] n. 核准,处罚,约束力 vt. 制定制裁规则,认可,核准,同意 Youngsters usually rush into marriage with only the shallow notions of what love and responsibility mean. We parked the car on the grass verge at the side of the highway. verge [və:dʒ] n. 边缘,边界,杖 vi. 接近,下沉,趋向